Mathematics Achievement and Native Language Within Dual Immersion Programs

This quantitative inferential study used ex post facto data that were previously acquired from Oregon school districts’ hosting TWI/dual immersion students’ mathematics achievement scores (SBAC), to determine if there was a statistical difference in math achievement between the two-native language (NES and NSS) students. The math SBAC data for academic school years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 was disaggregated by native language (NES and NSS) and by grade levels 3, 4, and 5 see Tables seven, eight and nine. The statistical tools used were mean, population proportion, two-tailed t-test and two-tailed 2-sample z-test to compare sample proportion. This research concluded, the NES group of TWI/dual immersion students consistently outperformed the NSS group of TWI/dual immersion students. The findings revealed that the NES group of TWI/dual immersion students outperformed the NSS group of TWI/dual immersion students in all analyzed grades i.e. 3rd, 4th and 5t

OCPP in the spotlight: threats and countermeasures for electric vehicle charging infrastructures 4.0

Undoubtedly, Industry 4.0 in the energy sector improves the conditions for automation, generation and distribution of energy, increasing the rate of electric vehicle manufacturing in recent years. As a result, more grid-connected charging infrastructures are being installed, whose charging stations (CSs) can follow standardized architectures, such as the one proposed by the open charge point protocol (OCPP). The most recent version of this protocol is v.2.0.1, which includes new security measures at device and communication level to cover those security issues identified in previous versions. Therefore, this paper analyzes OCPP-v2.0.1 to determine whether the new functions may still be susceptible to specific cyber and physical threats, and especially when CSs may be connected to microgrids. To formalize the study, we first adapted the well-known threat analysis methodology, STRIDE, to identify and classify threats in terms of control and energy, and subsequently we combine it with DREAD for risk assessment. The analyses indicate that, although OCPP-v2.0.1 has evolved, potential security risks still remain, requiring greater protection in the future.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad Málaga/CBUA

Preparación de ecomezclas de polipropileno y PET opaco reciclado

Aquest projecte te com a finalitat desenvolupar una mescla polimèrica que permeti fer us adequat i òptim del PET opac reciclat (rPET-O) i d’aquesta manera aconseguir donar-li una segona vida a aquest material. Un dels materials utilitzats es el polipropilè que forma la fase majoritària i continua del sistema. L’altre, es el rPET-O que forma la fase minoritària i discontinua. Amb l’extrusió es va realitzar dues mescles de composició diferent; després, cada mescla es va injectar a dues velocitats diferents. Es vol determinar si la fase secundaria pot actuar com a reforç de la matriu de polipropilè, i quines condicions de composició i processament afavoreixen aquesta microestructura. Per determinar-ho, s’ha realitzat assajos de índex de fluïdesa (MFI), calorimetria diferencial de rastreig (DSC), assajos de tracció y flexió uniaxial i microscòpia electrònica de rastreig (SEM). S’ha comprovat que la mescla es de naturalesa immiscible que forma una estructura bifàsica amb mala adhesió entre fases. Les propietats mecàniques mostren que l’augment de percentatge en pes de la fase minoritària provoca l’augment del mòdul elàstic a la vegada que es redueix la capacitat de deformació degut a la mala adherència entre fases i la aparició de micro-buits. Dit d’una altra manera, l’augment de fase minoritària disminueix la ductilitat del material. Per altra banda, la velocitat d’injecció promou l’orientació de la fase secundaria degut a cisallament entre el motlle i el material durant el procés d’injecció. El que es tradueix en un augment de la resistència a tracció.Este proyecto tiene como finalidad desarrollar una mezcla polimérica que permita hacer un uso adecuado y optimo del PET opaco reciclado (rPET-O) y así conseguir darle una segunda vida a este material. Uno de los materiales usados es el polipropileno que se encuentra en mayor cantidad siendo la fase mayoritaria y continua. El otro, se trata del rPET-O que se encuentra como fase minoritaria y discontinua. Mediante extrusión se ha realizado dos mezclas de distinta composición y, a continuación, cada mezcla ha sido inyectada a dos velocidades distintas. Se quiere determinar si la fase minoritaria puede actuar como refuerzo de la matriz de polipropileno y qué condiciones de composición y procesamiento favorecen esa microestructura. Para ello, se ha realizado ensayos de índice de fluidez (MFI), calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), ensayos de tracción y flexión uniaxial y microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). Se ha corroborado que la mezcla es de naturaleza inmiscible que forma una microestructura bifásica con mala adhesión entre fases. Las propiedades mecánicas muestran que el aumento de porcentaje en peso de la fase minoritaria produce un aumento en el módulo elástico a la vez que se reduce la capacidad de deformación debido a la mala adherencia entre fases y la aparición de micro-vacíos. En otras palabras, un aumento del porcentaje de la fase minoritaria disminuye la ductilidad del material. Por otro lado, un aumento de la velocidad de inyección promueve la orientación de la fase secundaria debido al aumento de cizalla entre el molde y el material durante el proceso de inyección. Eso se traduce en un aumento de la resistencia a la tracción.The aim of this project is to develop a polymeric mixture that allows for the appropriate and optimal use of recycled opaque PET (rPET-O) and thus give this material a second life. One of the materials used is polypropylene, which is found in greater quantities and is the majority and continuous phase. The other is rPET-O, which is found as a minority and discontinuous phase. An extrusion process has been used to generate two mixtures of different composition and then each mixture has been injected at two different speeds. The aim is to determine if the minority phase can act as a reinforcement of the polypropylene matrix, and what composition and processing conditions can achieve this microstructure. For this purpose, melt flow index tests (MFI), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), uniaxial tensile and flexural tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been carried out. The mixture was found to be immiscible in nature forming a two-phase microstructure with poor interphase adhesion. The mechanical properties show that increasing the weight percentage of the minority phase leads to an increase in the elastic modulus while reducing the deformation capacity due to poor interphase adhesion and micro-voids. In other words, an increase in the percentage of the minority phase decreases ductility of the material. On the other hand, an increase in injection speed promotes the orientation of the secondary phase due to increased shear between the mould and the material during the injection process. This gets an increase in yield strength

Plan de Marketing y Comunicación de la red social Lasso y análisis de la comunicación web mediante Neuromarketing

[ES] El presente trabajo Final de Máster está destinado a la realización de un plan de marketing y comunicación a la red social Lasso y análisis de la comunicación web mediante neuromarketing. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis exhaustivo de la situación interna y externa del país al que se va a dirigir la empresa, en este caso será España y más concretamente se ubicará durante los primeros tres años en la comunidad valenciana. Una vez definida la situación tanto interna como externa del país se estudiarán los factores que influyen para la creación de una nueva red social. Para encontrar una diferenciación frente a las redes sociales ya creadas y definir estrategias se creará una matriz DAFO. Posteriormente se definirá el target, la segmentación y el posicionamiento elegido para la empresa. Seguidamente se expondrá la idea de negocio en el plan de marketing operativo definiendo el precio, las promociones, los servicios ofrecidos y la forma de distribución adecuadas para llegar al máximo número de usuarios posibles. Posteriormente, a través de un plan de comunicación se definirán ideas creativas para dar a conocer la empresa, cada idea se definirá con su objetivo, timing, presupuesto y Kpi's a cumplir. Finalmente, se realizará un análisis de dos propuestas de páginas web mediante una prueba piloto de eye-tracking, mediante neuromarketing.[EN] The present Final Master's project is intended to carry out a marketing and communication plan for the Lasso social network and analysis of web communication through neuromarketing. For this purpose, an exhaustive analysis of the internal and external situation of the country to which the company will be directed will be carried out, in this case it will be Spain and more specifically it will be located during the first three years in the Valencian community. Once the internal and external situation of the country has been defined, the factors that influence the creation of a new social network will be studied. To find a differentiation in front of the social networks already created and to define strategies, a SWOT matrix will be created. Subsequently, the target, segmentation and positioning chosen for the company will be defined. Next, the business idea in the operative marketing plan will be explained, defining the price, the promotions, the offered services and the distribution form adapted to reach the maximum number of possible users. Subsequently, through a communication plan will be defined creative ideas to make the company known, each idea will be defined with its objective, timing, budget and Kpi's to comply. Finally, an analysis of two web page proposals will be carried out through a pilot eye-tracking test, through neuromarketing.García Alcaraz, C. (2019). Plan de Marketing y Comunicación de la red social Lasso y análisis de la comunicación web mediante Neuromarketing. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/129801TFG

Bayesian Harmonic Modelling of Sparse and Irregular Satellite Remote Sensing Time Series of Vegetation Indexes: A Story of Clouds and Fires

We would like to thank the ReCAS Computing Center of the University of Bari, and, particularly, Stefano Nicotri and Giacinto Donvito for the use of facilities; in particular their Jupiter online access to the virtual environment for computation. The manuscript was proofread by Lena Rettori. We would like to thanks the contribution of the two anonymous reviewers.Vegetation index time series from Landsat and Sentinel-2 have great potential for following the dynamics of ecosystems and are the key to develop essential variables in the realm of biodiversity. Unfortunately, the removal of pixels covered mainly by clouds reduces the temporal resolution, producing irregularity in time series of satellite images. We propose a Bayesian approach based on a harmonic model, fitted on an annual base. To deal with data sparsity, we introduce hierarchical prior distribution that integrate information across the years. From the model, the mean and standard deviation of yearly Ecosystem Functional Attributes (i.e., mean, standard deviation, and peak’s day) plus the inter-year standard deviation are calculated. Accuracy is evaluated with a simulation that uses real cloud patterns found in the Peneda-Gêres National Park, Portugal. Sensitivity to the model’s abrupt change is evaluated against a record of multiple forest fires in the Bosco Difesa Grande Regional Park in Italy and in comparison with the BFAST software output. We evaluated the sensitivity in dealing with mixed patch of land cover by comparing yearly statistics from Landsat at 30m resolution, with a 2m resolution land cover of Murgia Alta National Park (Italy) using FAO Land Cover Classification System 2.We would like to acknowledge the support of H2020 Ecopotential project with Grant Agreement No. 641762 for the discussion and the set up of a first version of the algorithm not shown in this paperGeoessential an ERA-PLANET project, an action from ERA-NET-Cofund Grant, with Grant Agreement No. 689443 for the actual development of the algorithm and the writing of the paper

Classifying resilience approaches for protecting smart grids against cyber threats

Smart grids (SG) draw the attention of cyber attackers due to their vulnerabilities, which are caused by the usage of heterogeneous communication technologies and their distributed nature. While preventing or detecting cyber attacks is a well-studied field of research, making SG more resilient against such threats is a challenging task. This paper provides a classification of the proposed cyber resilience methods against cyber attacks for SG. This classification includes a set of studies that propose cyber-resilient approaches to protect SG and related cyber-physical systems against unforeseen anomalies or deliberate attacks. Each study is briefly analyzed and is associated with the proper cyber resilience technique which is given by the National Institute of Standards and Technology in the Special Publication 800-160. These techniques are also linked to the different states of the typical resilience curve. Consequently, this paper highlights the most critical challenges for achieving cyber resilience, reveals significant cyber resilience aspects that have not been sufficiently considered yet and, finally, proposes scientific areas that should be further researched in order to enhance the cyber resilience of SG.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA

La convención de Viena sobre compraventa internacional de mercaderías y el Common law: el reto de interpretar el artículo 7

La metodología interpretativa aplicada en la jurisprudencia del Common Law relativa a la Convención de Viena sobre Compraventa Internacional de Mercaderías ha conducido a una constante disparidad de razonamientos que obstaculizan una aplicación uniforme de sus disposiciones. Este resultado es inconsistente con el artículo 7 de la Convención, el cual establece que esta debe ser interpretada atendiendo a su carácter internacional y la necesidad de promover uniformidad. El presente texto explora los múltiples aspectos que han afectado la interpretación uniforme de las normas de la Convención, incluyendo una referencia a la jurisprudencia de Estados Unidos, Australia e Italia. Por último, el texto presenta los principios de Unidroit como una herramienta para superar las dificultades en la aplicación del artículo 7

Global atmospheric dynamics investigated by using Hilbert Frequency Analysis

El artículo pertenece al número especial: Applications of Information Theory in the GeosciencesThe Hilbert transform is a well-known tool of time series analysis that has been widely used to investigate oscillatory signals that resemble a noisy periodic oscillation, because it allows instantaneous phase and frequency to be estimated, which in turn uncovers interesting properties of the underlying process that generates the signal. Here we use this tool to analyze atmospheric data: we consider daily-averaged Surface Air Temperature (SAT) time series recorded over a regular grid of locations covering the Earth’s surface. From each SAT time series, we calculate the instantaneous frequency time series by considering the Hilbert analytic signal. The properties of the obtained frequency data set are investigated by plotting the map of the average frequency and the map of the standard deviation of the frequency fluctuations. The average frequency map reveals well-defined large-scale structures: in the extra-tropics, the average frequency in general corresponds to the expected one-year period of solar forcing, while in the tropics, a different behaviour is found, with particular regions having a faster average frequency. In the standard deviation map, large-scale structures are also found, which tend to be located over regions of strong annual precipitation. Our results demonstrate that Hilbert analysis of SAT time-series uncovers meaningful information, and is therefore a promising tool for the study of other climatological variables

Cómo afectan las pantallas en el desarrollo de los niños y las niñas entre los 3 y los 6 años

El presente trabajo de fin de grado tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión teórica de cómo afecta el uso de las pantallas digitales en el desarrollo de los niños y las niñas. Para ello vamos a investigar los diferentes contenidos que nos permiten conocer y profundizar acerca del tema.Por ello, se ha buscado la información más importante sobre el tiempo de uso de las pantallas y sobre el tipo de pantallas que utilizan los niños y niñas con edades comprendidas entre los 3 y los 6 años. El uso de las pantallas digitales y las nuevas tecnologías destacan en el día a día de todas las familias y ha supuesto un cambio en el ámbito escolar. Destacaremos los beneficios y riesgos que supone el uso de las pantallas.Finalmente se exponen las conclusiones sobre los diferentes aspectos tratados en esta revisión teórica.<br /